Aitzaz Ahsan explains his decisions

Guest Post by Samad Khurram

Friends and concerned citizens,

I am making public a few of my communications with Aitzaz Ahsan and his consolidated response to help put things in perspective. There have been a few questions that had been lingering in every one’s minds regarding decisions made at crucial junctions of the movement, Aitzaz’s decision to remain in the PPP – even when the party is the only hindrance in the restoration of the judges -, the end of the Long March and the lawyers silence on the casualties in the War on Terror and I hope this can address all of them. Many other answers are not part of these long emails but will be answered in due time.

I have been a part of this struggle only because I rationally believe in it. The decision is an informed, educated one so I have been constantly giving the leadership my input, criticizing whenever I think is appropriate but otherwise supporting them throughout. The decisions taken by the leadership itself have been very informed and well thought out and I would like to make some of the reasoning public as many people have had raised questions.

To start of I am making public my infamous, rather harsh email – that was even picked up in Off the Record by Kashif. It was written after talking to people following the end of the Long March and how things seemed very abysmal.It appeared unlikely that we would ever recover from the aftermath. Many of the things in the email were based on the collective sentiment of our activists who had come for a siege

However I become extremely occupied with things after the Ambassador incident and Aitzaz later wrote an article for me in the Newsweek to ensure I am not labelled into something I am not.
However amidst all of our friendship and all I have probably been his harshest critic because our eventual struggle is ensure those who we support are accountable to us and that I am accountable to the people I mobilize. To my relief I have always gotten a satisfying answer which has kept my faith alive. Very few movements in the world have ever been this democratic and transparent to the extend where an ordinary supporter like myself can raise any number of issues and the are all directly answered by the leadership. This is the glory of this movement where the supporters aren’t brainwashed, jiyay-jiyay chanting, guns-wielding jiyalas but generally educated Pakistanis who understand what they believe in. The reason they are part of it is because of their fanciful idealism and because of their love for their country and understanding that if the judiciary is lost now, it may never be independent again. Hence most of the supporters become some of the harshest critics as well. As my friend Naeem Sadiq Sahib had once put it, civil disobedience is not our problem in Pakistani Politics; Our problem is civil obedience

This is why I still strongly support the movement and urge everyone to remain loyal to it. Its 19 months now, since it all began with a simple NO.However throughout all the decisions taken have been with utmost logic and sincerity of intention and have generally been the best ones in retrospection with a lot of hindsight.

Of course we have a right to dissent, and we must exercise that right. However we do need to keep in mind that our criticism is justified and positive. At the end of the day, our leadership is much more experienced and probably more sincere and committed than us. It’s best to introspect before directing anger at the top – something I have learnt in this time too. I probably still won’t consider Zardari to be a legitimate President – for many reasons – but others have a right to have a different opinion which we must respect.

Also I am not related to Aitzaz Ahsan. I just came to know him through the movement and was only through this common cause for an independent judiciary that I met him. However by the time and effort taken by his many correspondences with many people it is pretty clear that he is making a sincere effort in ensuring transparency and of making sure everyone’s questions are answered.

Nonetheless the leadership has inspired may millions of in today’s youth with its constant dedication and committment, its ability to make tough but wise decisions, to have patience and resilience when even its own people turn against it, to withstand offers and offers and more offers of money, power and other perks and most importantly to ensure that movement is transparent and open to scrutiny by anyone. You can verify that from my emails below. I may have been a very strong public supporter but have always done my share of honest criticism.

I do really mean when I say that Aitzaz Ahsan we are proud of you and the vision that you have given our youth.

Sincerely,
Samad

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Dated: Sep 13th 2008

Disappointed

Sir, your latest statement regarding oath of Zardari as President has disappointed us all.

To become the legal President of Pakistan Zardari must take an oath from the Legal Chief Justice, Iftikhar Chaudhry. That is a constitutional requirement and till that happens I do not think Zardari can be considered a legal President. Without a constitutional oath of office Zardari can not become constitutional President.

Zardari’s oath was led a usurper – someone complicit in an act of treason – and that must be condemned. I am not even sure if Zardari was eligible to run for office of the President because the NRO had a stay order by the legal CJ and his eligibility would be the same as under the real SC.

With every passing day it reminds us that the struggle is between the supporters of independent judiciary and supporters of Zardari. It is not long before more people start deserting the cause because of our silence on Zardari and his tactics. More silence will lead to desertion by the cause’s “jiyayals” which may be disastrous for the movement.

Zardari needs oath from CJ Iftikhar. No second opinions on that. Without that he can not legally proclaim to be the President of Pakistan and we cannot support him as constitutional either. This – I believe – is in line with our principled cause.

Sincerely,
Samad

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Dated: June 16th 2008
Backdrop: “In the end” – Linkin Park
My apology to fellow activists

Friends:

I am really thankful to you all for your support, encouragement and patience during the past eight months. This probably was the best time of my life and memories from this period will remain with me forever. Unfortunately, the naivety and personal agendas of the lawyers’ leadership has made it extremely unlikely that the judiciary will be restored and the current line of action may even do Pakistan more harm than good. I thought it appropriate to share with you all my reasoning before quitting the movement. Please do go through all of it whenever you have time.

1. We may not be able to recover from the tactical recklessness committed by the lawyers during the last few hours of the long march. The lawyers had promised to “siege the army house” or have a “dharna” till Musharraf leaves/judges are restored (many news items, e.g: The News: Lower courts disgruntled over ‘hijacking’ by lawyers’ leaders or Khaleej Times: Lawyers vow not to rest until judges restored. 
1. The eventual line of action has seriously undermined the credibility of the lawyers – many of us felt cheated.
• People are unlikely to come again on the call of the lawyers. 
• Many have even started labeling the lawyers as being sold out. While I don’t think this is true, the perception within the masses is really widespread. I suggest those who doubt me to talk to 10 rickshaw drivers and find out for yourself. 
• All those who had mobilized people under the promise of a dharna, including myself, have had serious smears to our credibility. People will not come on our call again and many of us will not want to have our integrity at stake. 
• The overall spirit of despondency that sprung after Mr. Aizaz’s speech at the Long March will require serious reparation and can not be fixed in a day. By the time people regain their spirits the judiciary may have been lost for good. 
2. Admission by Mr. Aitzaz that financial considerations could not permit “dharna” has given the Zardari camp renewed hope that their dilatory tactics are working. They had always planned on eliminating resistance by attrition by seeking for deadline after deadline or by introducing the largest amendment in the history of Pakistan amongst other things. Exposing the financial shortcomings of the lawyers – which many people doubt is the real case for not having adharna btw – is only going to strengthen their desire to delay the issue. 
3. There is NO way that we can mobilize this many people in the future. The dejection in the hearts of those who had been in the forefront as well as those who participated in the Long March. According to one statistic taken by a resistance group over 80 % of the people were extremely disappointed at the end decision. The impact of word-of-mouth of 4 lac people can not be ignored. 
4. All future mobilizations will be subsequently smaller seriously harming the movement: 
• A rally of 50000 people in Islamabad, which is huge by Islamabad’s standard, will not be given the same level of importance as it deserves. Comparisons will be made to the Long March and such rallies will be used to show decline in popularity of the lawyers’ movement. Islamabad’s rallies have rarely exceeded a few hundred and the same is the case in other cities. 
• The “train march” will not help the cause much: 
• Pakistani trains are already overcrowded and a train rally only requires a few banners on each train and some people to chant slogans to make it into a “train march”. This is something even the Zardari camp realizes. 
• The cost to the public is too high. Imagine the thousands of people whose life will be affected by the train march and how they will hate the lawyers for the rest of their lives. Think about the hundreds of people who will not be able to go to funerals, weddings or other important events of their loved ones because the lawyers had to go for another picnic. 
• Very unlikely that such high numbers will be achieved. 
5. I still maintain that if we had occupied the Supreme Court, Parliament and/or Presidency and refused to leave until the judges were restored. We had the numbers at the Long March to have made this possible. Now that might not be possible anymore. 
2. We need to have a serious change of focus: 
1. The judges’ restoration needs a mere executive order. It is Yousaf Raza Gilani and not Pervaiz Musharraf who needs to issue that executive order and it is Yousaf Raza Gilani and not Pervaiz Musharraf who is not issuing that executive order. How many of the lawyers chanted slogans against Yousaf Raza Gilani? Why are we still crying over a car shattered whose radio only works? 
2. It is the PPP, under the leadership of the great Mr. Clean which is the biggest (and perhaps only) hindrance to the restoration of the judiciary and not the radio of a shattered car. There is more than enough evidence to support this from BB-Musharraf deal under which BB was taken in confidence over the destruction of the courts and she left before Nov 3^rd, as per plan (amazing how many of us can conveniently overlook this) to the constitutional package to calling Musharraf an “asset”. If you still think the PPP is interested/committed in restoring the judiciary, I really feel sorry for you and pray for your sanity. 
3. We lack the will, capacity or the honesty of intention to focus on the real impediments in the restoration of the judiciary – Asif Zardari. 
1. Did Aitzaz, Munir or any other prominent lawyers condemn Zardari at the Long March? The Constitutional Package? The use of 2/3^rd amendment for the restoration of the judiciary? Thank you Imran Khan and one other member of PML-N for not letting our mouths remain chained by our blind amnesty for the PPP. 
2. Mr. Aitzaz himself is a member of the CEC of the PPP, the very same party that has been impeding the restoration of the judiciary. His refusal to recognize that his own party being the only real problem in the restoration of the judiciary is undermining his credibility on a daily basis. Many people have suggested that calling off thedharna was on the orders of Zardari to a member of his own party. While I do not doubt Mr. Aitzaz’s intention, I also do realize where the allegations of the people are coming from. The same way the people have rejected the Q-League members who started speaking in favor of the judiciary they may soon reject the words of a CEC member of the PPP (I will not make the mistake of asking forAitzaz’s resignation from PPP. When some CCP members suggested this to Mrs. Aitzaz the response they got was “aap ki aukaat kya hai yeh kahnay ki”. Maybe she is right; in a democratic setup people should not communicate their desires to whom they consider their leaders.) 
3. In November 2007, when APDM announced boycott of the elections a major opportunity was before us. We only had to convince PPP to boycott and Musharraf would have been history for good. I suggested to have a hunger strike till death in front of BB’s house until she withdrew from the elections and a daily protests outside her house to supplement the hunger strike. There was no way BB could have avoided it given the international coverage we were getting especially after the high school student protest (Rediff News: School kids brave batons; Protest against emergency ). We were stopped by a leading lawyer who suggested that should not go against the PPP or BB. That major opportunity was lost and PML-N reversed its decision to boycott as well. Eight months later we are at the same square: let’s not criticize the PPP, let’s give them time, yadda yadda yadda. If we are incapable of openly criticizing the PPP or lack the moral character to do the same we might as well forget this movement. 
4. The media is full of PPP’s hung-over “tantrum brigade” who will constantly write articles in praise of the PPP no matter what the PPP does. For instance have a look at this article: Emergency Times: Dancing on Broken Glass . The very same author refused to accept the argument by Musharraf supporters that the lawyers protests were destabilizing the judiciary and was vocally in support of the immediate restoration of the judiciary until the PPP changed its colors. Ironically she merely recycled the words of the Musharraf lobby to not miss an opportunity to write in favor of the PPP. The media is full of these Beena Sarwars who will never speak up against the PPP no matter how badly their actions destroy Pakistan. Many people argue that same is the case with Aitzaz. 
4. Marches will not get the judges restored. Civil disobedience might: 
1. If Zardari and co had such high regard for the will of the opinion they would have not promised to remove Musharraf before coming to power and eaten their words after being elected. Many of them are on record on this. Some are even on record for demanding restoration of the judiciary as well. (e.g : USA Today: Bhutto’s party vows to remove Musharraf) 
2. According to IPOP statistics PPP had lost 38% of its expected seats for not including restoration of the judiciary in their official manifesto: (International Analyst Network: PPP and the restoration issue ). If they did not learn from that major loss in vote bank it is unlikely that they will listen to a rally of PML-N, PTI, JI and civil society, none of whom voted for them. 
3. However, if by engaging in massive civil disobedience if we are able to affect the working of the state (such as occupation of the Dogar Court until real judges are restored) and bringing the PPP to international shame perhaps the judges might be restored. Picture an image of 1000 students, journalists, civil society activists listening to Nirvana, wearing jeans, speaking English and refusing the let Dogar Court function and the shame that PPP would have to go through. Picture students from leading universities in Pakistan being engaged in this and how badly this would shake the PPP in the eyes of everyone. Perhaps this is a possibility but then again we are not dealing with normal people. Rehman Malik and Asif Zardari have killed many many people in the past. 
5. Our efforts are not restoring the judges but only strengthening Zardari which will be detrimental for Pakistan: 
1. The world was all praise for the PPP for allowing the Long March to be successful. Incidentally they took credit for it too! 
2. Our protests are weakening the car whose radio is the only working part and when he leaves Zardari will be ready to hijack his departure. Once the most hated man in Pakistan is removed and the PPP is able to steal credit for it, Asif Zardari will become larger than life. The judges will then only be restored on Zardari’s terms and we will all be known in history as Sharif uddin Pirzadas. Our actions are only weakening Musharraf and strengthening Zardari. 
3. If we have no choice but to accept a package on judges than Musharraf’s package is much better than Zardari. His offer would take the judiciary back to Nov 2^nd position with all its powers and in members. In return we would have to let Musharraf be the President and give indemnity to his Nov 3^rd actions. Zardari’s package destroys the judiciary, mutes its authority, inducts PCO judges and denies the CJ post to Iftikhar Chaudhry. If our protests are to lead to Zardari’s package then we should probably stop and choose Musharraf’s package which is much better for the independence of the judiciary. 
4. Zardari in power will be MUCH WORSE than Musharraf. NRO powered goons running the show, mass murderers, money launderers and thieves in posts of powers and the constitutional package which gives divine powers to the President will come in play once Zardari becomes President. This is not something any one of us should work for. If the judiciary can be restored with all its powers and members and media allowed to function freely the question of who is in power is irrelevant as we can hold them accountable. However if the judiciary is not restored, or is infested with PCO inductees then we should work for who will be less of a disaster to Pakistan. I would choose Musharraf over Zardari (and no I am not a Musharraf-fan. I have been chanting slogans in favor of having him executed!). 

My sincerest apologies to all fellow Pakistanis but I do not see the movement achieving the restoration of the judiciary and hence I do not think it to be worth my time to continue to be a part of it. I have already suffered a lot which includes physical injuries, intimidation by the intelligence agencies, arrests, threats, school grades, discontentment of parents, loss of social life and using up of all my life savings for a cause that is only bringing Mr. 10 % to power and not restoring the judiciary. Hence I would request all lawyers, students, political parties and civil society activists to not contact me if you are not willing or unable to speak up against the PPP or Zardari or are reluctant in intensifying the agitation. Please also unsubscribe me from all such mailing / sms lists. 

However all those who are genuinely serious about the restoration of the judiciary and are willing to focus on the person responsible for not having the judges restored as well as intensifying our resistance please feel free to contact me. I will join you in a sit-in inside Bilawal House and be prepared to go to jail for illegal trespass but chanting slogans asking for removal of Musharraf – who is merely the radio of a demolished car- is not worth my time and probably not worth yours either.

On a low, sad note.
Samad

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Aitzaz Ahsan’s reply:
Dated: September 18th 2008.
Samad Khurram
Harvard.

My dear Samad,

I opened your mail yesterday and was deeply pained by it and by its tenor.

Of late there is a veritable campaign being fostered on the net and many mails are targeting the leadership of the Lawyers Movement. There is no doubt that most of the criticism is pointed at me but the beauty of the Movement has been that we have seldom taken any decision except through consensus though I admit to have been, in many ways, the prime mobiliser. As a result the criticism, to the delight of those who oppose the Movement, is of the entire leadership.

There are several issues being raised on blogs and through emails. I will address each briefly in this message because I greatly value your emotion and passion for an independent judiciary in Pakistan. But first the matter that has disturbed you as per your latest mail.

1. My association with the PPP: This is one issue, however, that is personal to me yet it is one that I have shared with my colleagues. There are two aspects of it: the persona of Mr. Zardari and the PPP as a party.
1. You accuse me of having accepted Zardari as the constitutional president of Pakistan. Whether one likes it or not Zardari has been elected through a democratic process in accordance with the letter of the Constitution. That is undeniable. An even more significant aspect is that within that process the representatives of three smaller provinces have voted for him almost unanimously. Thus there are both the issues of democracy and the federation. 
2. In our quest for an independent judiciary we cannot become oblivious to the primacy of the democratic will and the federal compact. In this quest we cannot befuddle either. Pakistan can only be sustained as a democracy and as a federation. Punjabi politicians must accept the democratic choice of the smaller provinces. 
3. This is not merely an issue of likes or dislikes. Equally it is not merely about the independence of the judiciaryor the legitimacy of the Chief Justice. We do not recognize Dogar as the legitimate CJP. But we cannot ignore the democratic verdict, particularly the resounding ‘voice’ of the three smaller federating units. Hence in my statement I said precisely that: ‘Although Zardari is the constitutionally elected President of Pakistan, there is a defect in the oath that he took. However, it would be unfair not to recognize him as the President after he has obtained the overwhelming majority of the votes of the electoral college expressly provided in the Constitution whose supremacy we seek’. 
4. Also when we speak of intra party democracy remember how Hilary Clinton, after having pounded Obama for a year, accepted him as the Party’s candidate when he got the Democratic nomination. She now campaigns for him. We call that democracy. So why when Aitzaz, having raised the issue (of the presidential nomination) in the Party (and outside it) goes with the overwhelming Party majority, is it a betrayal? And note, too, that no one complains that neither PML-N (Justice Siddiqui) nor PML-Q (Mushahid) raised any objection to his candidature when they had the opportunity during formal proceedings before the Election Commission. 
5. The judicial issue remains paramount with me. Even within the PPP I am the loudest voice of dissent on this issue and keep it alive in the Party. Is it not essential that some voices of dissent remain in this Party, which does, after all, enjoy the support of a very large section of Pakistanis at home and abroad? Why must we abdicate and leave the field open for those opposed to CJP Iftikhar? I can assure you that he does not want me to leave the PPP. On the contrary, (and believe me, or check with others close to him) he wants me to remain in the Party as do I. And yet I openly join issue with the Party on the judges’ matter. I contest the position and logic of its leaders openly and without mincing any words. 
6. The apparent slow-down in the movement is attributed to my connection with the PPP. Thrice I have volunteered to place the leadership of the Movement in other hands while continuing to work for it as an ordinary comrade. On each occasion (July 19 in the All Pakistan Representative Lawyers Conference in Lahore, August 23 in the meeting of the National Co-ordination Council in Islamabad, and September 4 in the meeting of the Steering Committee of the NCC in Lahore), all 300 representatives of all the Bars by a resounding and unanimous acclaim reposed confidence in my leadership. 
7. I have led the lawyers from the front. You have found me in the thick of the lathi charge, being hit by stones hurled by police, being arrested and jailed, writing poetry from prison cells, rousing bazaars during the Black Flag Week, clambering upon the Edhi ambulance to save the Movement as well as Sher Afgan from sure fire lynching, leading the Long March in the scorching summer heat, touring the country, driving the Chief Justice, pleading his case before the Supreme Court, and engaging media persons as well as opponents in the debate and argument. Highlighting the fact that the martyred leader of the party Mohtrama Benazir Bhutto declared Chief Justice Chaudhry as the Chief Justice of Pakistan and its Co-Chairperson thrice signed agreements to restore him as such, a promise that must be kept it is my effort, I seek from within the Party, that it honours these solemn declarations. And when I have been imprisoned my wife had taken up the banner and led rallies and protests. All this while I have obtained no office from the PPP (twice even declining to become its MNA in solidarity with the Movement). 
8. None who chooses to throw stones at me, and there are a vast number, stops to reflect upon the fact that all the decisions he/she chooses to nail me for were made after deliberation and by consensus. If I was indeed motivated by my association with the PPP in not going for a dharna after the Long March (on which more later), what persuaded men of such integrity as Muneer Malik, Ali Kurd, Tariq Mahmood, and all the four provincial Presidents: Anvar Kamal, Latif Afridi, Rashid Rizvi and Baz Kakar (all strongly or mildly anti-PPP) to expressly state in their own speeches at that rally that there would be no dharna that night? Certainly not my association with the PPP. 
9. In fact I personally had concluded my speech (you will recall) by saying that all those who wanted to do a dharna were free to do so if they wished! Why did then only a dozen or so volunteer? 
10. I have no doubt been prohibiting some slogans being raised against the PPP leadership. It is the slogan I consistently prohibited against Musharraf also, being of the variety liking him to a particular animal or questioning his parentage. Yes I have pleaded with lawyers to remain dignified and ‘shaista lab’. I believe that emotions do not have to be expressed in expletives to be effective. The contrary has more effect. 
11. The PPP is a major element in the politics of Pakistan. You may or may not agree, it commands the support and loyalty of millions of Pakistanis most of whom are perfectly likeable, family-oriented, peaceable and honest people committed to the political process. It is also a mainstream party with effective and country-wide cadres and organization. Many PPP lawyers continue to vigorously support the Movement. The Islamabad Bar President belongs to the Party as does the Secretary of the Rawalpindi Bar. These two Bars have been the front edge of the Movement being proximate to Parliament and the Supreme Court. Most district and taluqa Presidents of Bars in Sindh belong to the PPP and were in the forefront of the nation-wide dharnas. The shaheed Imdad Awan was a PPP stalwart, a PPP Senator, who died in harness. He used to be deeply disturbed when his Party was condemned by protesters. Must we lose all of them, and even when they support us on this one vital issue? 
12. The Lawyers’ Movement is a plural movement comprising of a rich diversity of opinions and persuasions. It is not easy to lead such a collective, and to do so for 18 months, keeping them all together. It is even more difficult to keep within the movement cadres and members of a Party whose leadership turns away from it. Yes, there are some who want to take advantage of this turning away for their own political benefit. But it would splinter the Movement as many of its opponents want. This has been, and remains a delicate task not to be addressed by emotion alone. The collective wisdom of the leadership of the Movement is a better guide to follow than the emotion of some of the more passionate ones who may be reckless about the split in the ranks of the movement (not just in the leadership). 
13. As to myself, I have a long association with the PPP and its supporters, cadres and office-bearers. I have been with them in street demonstrations over the past four decades, been beaten by the police and been in jails and lock-ups with them. There is a bonding of a nature so pure and I have no intention of giving up that association. 
14. This should suffice to address your current disappointment with me, but I take this opportunity of posting you with some other issues as you are a well keyed-in young man with many a critic and supporter within the reach of your net. 
2. The pace of the Movement: 
1. You must understand the nature of political and social movements. They cannot be sustained at the same high pace all the time. They cannot be run in top gear all through. Nor can they continue the same activity at varying speeds all the time. 
2. If the only measure of success is the actual physical reinstatement of Chief Justice Chaudhry, then we have failed, at least to this point in time. But consider some of the successes of the Movement: 
• The July 20, 2007 unanimous verdict of the Supreme Court. 
• The return of the exiled leaders on the 18^th October and 25^th November. 
• The 27^th November shedding of the uniform. 
• The 18^th February resounding defeat of the dictator at the polls. 
• Payment of all back dues to deposed judges immediately after the Long March. 
• Even more significantly, there were three outright victories, and (prima facie) final and successful conclusions of the struggle. From any perspective whatsoever these should have been a triumphant completion, thrice over, of the last lap. This is the number of times the Movement impelled the leaders of the ruling coalition to actually and publicly sign formal documents and to make public declarations of their solemn commitments to restore all judges in accordance with the Murree Declaration. Would you not categorise that as a triumph each time? Should more have been required of the Lawyers? 
3. We cannot, after all, carry the Chief Justice and judges on our shoulders, smash plate glass and padlocked doors, and break into court-rooms and seat the judges in the chairs they ought to be occupying. Telecast live by the channels across the globe, such mayhem will be the end of the Movement as well the judges. There is a dignity in the Lawyers’ Movement which is all about avoiding scenes like the Sher Afgan incident in Lahore on April 8. That dignity has won us global respect and acclaim. We have to remain within the bounds of what is non-violently possible and doable though some will shout: we need to give up non-violence! Fair enough: come out yourself and take it up as a course of action. The present leadership and vast body of lawyers will not resort to such actions howsoever much we may be chided with pusillanimity in this behalf. 
4. Note also that regardless of whomsoever has reaped its benefit, the Lawyers Movement remains the only sustained movement in this country that has not had the support (in fact, it has been actively opposed) by the Army, the Intelligence Agencies and the United States. That is a feather in its cap. 
5. When, to every one’s surprise, the signed declarations were not acted upon last month I immediately called a nation-wide two-hour dharna on the 28^th of August. That strategy was a resounding success. Though the time of dharna was limited, the spread and span was wide, thus jamming at once all the traffic in the entire country. What more can a mere 80,000 lawyers (of which at least half have always been non-practising or indifferent) and brave activists of civil society do given their small numbers? So I gave a call for what we could do with small numbers peppered across the land. 
6. But, yes, I confess the Chief Justice has not been reinstated despite the signatures, the public promises, the Long March and dharnas. Meantime many of his colleagues broke ranks and took fresh oath. What do you do when people who, undoubtedly have been under pressure, decide to break rank? Hum nay tou in ko dhoop bhi nahin lagnay di. We braved the sun, the baton, the gas, the bullet and the prison cells. But they gave up. It affects the morale of the rank and file. I hope they will remain conscious of the cross on their shoulders and be good judges in the days ahead. 
7. The Movement has also slowed down on account of Ramzan. That is why we did the nation-wide dharnas before its advent. Immediately after it we will be pre-occupied with Kurd’s election to my post. With a political government in place, it will not be a walk-over and the campaign will demand all our energies and time. 
8. But the lawyers and civil society must not only be remembered for heating up the streets. Let us be realistic. We need at least one of the big parties with us. But both are now engaged in power-politics and consolidation of their governments in the Centre and the Punjab. 
9. However, to keep the spotlight on the issue I have plans for the CJP’s visit to Europe and North America. For that we need the support of the community abroad. From November 4 to 14 he will travel through Belgium, Holland, Germany, France and the UK. November 15 he travels to NY to receive the NY Bar’s Honorary Life Membership. On November 19 he receives the Harvard Law School’s Medal of Freedom previously awarded only to Thurogood Marshall and Nelsen Mandela. (You are aware how Ali, my son, has co-coordinated the grant of both honours). These events will spotlight the underlying issue of the independent judges. What a shame it will appear when the US Bars and academia honour a Chief Justice we have ousted? We need you and your friends to mobilize people to accompany the CJP in long processions of cars in his travels around the US as other destinations will also be indicated soon. 
10. I would also like him to attend the Lawasia Conference in Malaysia end October. He should be seen striding across the world with confidence and the gait of the constitutional Chief Justice of Pakistan. That will be another phase of the Movement, albeit with fewer participating lawyers from Pakistan. 
11. So the Lawyers’ Movement is not all about the street alone. It is about an issue that has been agitated vigorously on the street and will be done again when the moment is ripe. To ripen it we may have to broaden our platform to link the issues of popular weal such as inflation, crime, discrimination, with that of the restoration of the Chief Justice. People miss his suo moto energies. But we are neither a political party now, nor can we aspire to become one in the future (there is such a rich diversity of views and persuasions amongst the community of lawyers). That can be stated to be our weakness. But it is real. 
3. The controversy about the Long March dharna. 
1. In my estimation the Long March (LM) was a huge success. It spanned the country. It woke up the people. It demonstrated that the people of every nook and corner, or every hamlet, village and town of Pakistan urgently wanted the reinstatement of the CJP and judges. It mobilized an entire nation. Every habitat that the ‘Marchers’ drove through was thronged with the locals showering rose petals, offering water bottles and food items. There were men, women and children of all ages, regions, ethnicities, linguistic groups and religious persuasions. Students, labour unions, lumpen labour, farmers, white collar professionals, even senior executives joined the milling crowds with pride and enthusiasm. The nation was energized. 
2. Though the proposal for the Long March was mine, the decision was collectively taken by the All Pakistan Representative Lawyers’ Conference in Lahore on May 17. More than 300 Bar Presidents and office bearers from all over the country attended. There was indeed some talk at the Conference of the LM culminating in a dharna, but the Conference did not adopt the proposal. The decision was the LM would disperse after the concluding speech. 
3. There were the hard-liners. They were not in a majority, but they were certainly more vociferous. I tried to plead with them at all stages to remain within the ambit of the decision. So we had to put our heads together again during the LM. Muneer, Kurd, Afridi, Tariq, Anvar Kamal, Baz Kakar, Rashid Rizvi, and I were all one that the dharna was impossible given the weather. It was June 14. You should remember the next day’s blazing sun. Incidentally when we rose from the two-hour dharna in the sun on August 28, countless lawyers thanked me for saving them a 14 hour sun blazer on the bare and boundless asphalt of the Islamabad Parade Ground at a much hotter time of the year, mid-June! Hamid suggested a 24 hour dharna but there was no point. The full day’s heat the next day was before us. And getting up after 24 hours we would have still been pestered by the media: have the judges been restored that you are leaving the venue? And there was no way that we were going to storm any building. I have already described to you what might have happened in such an eventuality. 
4. We had not gone there to invite another military intervention. Certainly not. We had not gone there for a blood bath. Let that be clear. If the dharna had not petered out in the blazing sun, an assault would have resulted in discredit and, perhaps, a blood bath. What we wanted to do, to start with, in the LM we achieved. We wanted to force the world to notice the agitation within the nation as a whole on the judges’ issue. We were consciously following the precedent of Martin Luther King, not of any militant insurgency. 
5. True there were shouts for a dharna in the front end of the crowd and just beneath the stage. These started after the speech of Mian Nawaz Sharif (who had himself contributed much of the crowd) that there be no dharna. Earlier both Qazi Hussain Ahmed and Mr Imran Khan in their speeches had exhorted the crowd to stage a dharna and left. Now when MNS suggested the contrary, these front benchers became anxious and began to shout “abhi nahin toa kabhi nahin”. They even aimed plastic water bottles full of water at us on the stage. Some tried to storm Parliament behind the stage. These activities were covered by the media. 
6. But should we have been cowed down by this emotion? Jalib said: Hajoom dekh kay rasta nahin badaltay hum…. 
7. That is what leadership means. The leaders have often to take seemingly unpopular decisions. So we had to be firm in our resolve. I had invited families, women and children to the final rally. I had promised that it would be peaceful and would end in peace. Men on motorbikes had brought wives, mothers and children with them. It was a large and festive crowd. They had come to make a point and they knew they were making it. More was not required of them or any one else. 
8. The decision not to go for a dharna was a collective decision. Is one allowed to wonder why I am, alone, being targeted by those (most of whom were not even there), who think that the dharna would have made the government capitulate. I nevertheless have shoulders broad enough to take the criticism on myself alone because I think what we did was right. 
9. I think those, like you, who were themselves there and prepared for the dharna, have a right to be critical. You wrote me a very strongly worded mail. You were disappointed even then, though I think I was able to convince you of the merits of the conclusion of the LM. Those, however, who never came there are aiming the most vicious stones. And there are far more of the latter category than of the first pelting projectiles of hate and venom. That remains their privilege. 
4. The war in FATA: 
1. I promised you a word about my own view on this war. Any support to the Government in its actions in this military campaign should again not be taken as capitulation on national interest or on the judges’ issue. To my mind: 
• We must not condone US intrusions into our airspace. That is unacceptable. 
• The Americans have messed up this region of ours with our rulers blindly complying with all US requirements. 
• Innocent Pakistanis are dying in these cross-border incidents and this is called ‘colateral damage’. 
• We cannot also, and at the same time, support elements that slit peoples’ throats, program kids to become human bombs, stone men and women, lob bombs upon schools forcibly preventing the female education, or deny polio drops to infants. 
• We believe that the most effective weapon in a war has nothing to do with post-modern technology. It is a friendly local population that has enforceable rights. 
• Rights cannot be enforced without an independent judiciary. 
• The Militants blow up hospitals, schools and roads but promise only some rough and ready justice. That is all. That is what draws some people to them. 
• So we have to ensure that our people do not lose hope of justice within the system. 
• Hence we come back to the point of the independent judiciary and independent judges. 
• But we are in veritable pincer and must not, in emotion, lose sight of the demerits of either side. 
2. We must nevertheless recognize that this war is against a mindset that threatens our Pakistani way of life, the culture of the Indus Muslims: a tolerant, liberal, democratic, plural Islam. The average Pakistani is anything but an extremist. So in this fight we may again be supporting Zardari and the Army without prejudice to our position on the Chief Justice and the Judges. 
5. Finally, the Lawyers’ Movement has not been easy to lead. Unity has had to constantly be created, and recreated, out of a natural and wide diversity, often antagonism, of views and backgrounds. Different party policies and affiliations have always had to be balanced. Individual sensitivities predilections have had to be accommodated even when others have been hostile to these. But we have marched forth. We will continue to do so though the shape and manner of the forward progress may vary. 

This, however, is a crucial time. It is time to stand together and to be patient with mistakes, past or future. Kurd’s election bid calls for a closing of the ranks. Much of the viscious criticism is grist for the mills of the opposition. We have to slow down the pace to strive for a broader, winning consensus amongst the limited electorate comprising of senior lawyers registered with the Supreme Court. While the support of the younger advocates is unreserved, the SCBA members who mainly comprise the more senior lawyers, are less strident and adventurous. But they are the electorate. Their support is crucial to the Movement, and their pace slower. We may, of necessity, have to lower the decibel level. And now with a political government opposed to us the election will be a challenge. But we must face it with solidarity.

With fond regards,
Aitzaz.